c2pa

Content provenance and watermarking: how you tell whether a machine made it Lesson

Content provenance and watermarking are the two competing methods for answering 'did an AI make this?' - provenance attaches a signed record of where a file came from, while watermarking hides a statistical signature inside the pixels or word choices themselves. Provenance is robust but strippable; watermarking survives copying but degrades under editing, and neither works on a file that was never marked in the first place.